Showing posts with label kaidan. Show all posts
Showing posts with label kaidan. Show all posts

Sunday, October 1, 2023

Ghost in the Regiment (1958)

aka The Military Policeman and the Ghost

Original title: 憲兵と幽霊

Imperial Japan during World War II. The vile Lieutenant Namishima (Shigeru Amachi, who does “vile” oh so well) lusts after Akiko (Naoko Kubo), notwithstanding her new marriage to a colleague named Tazawa (Shoji Nakayama). Namishima is a patient man, willing to wait for an opportunity to destroy Akiko’s husband, though. A year or so later, that opportunity comes when important military documents disappear out of the hands of one of Namishima’s underlings. Why not, Namishima suggests, frame the husband of a certain woman for that loss? Underling, only too willing to save his own skin, does of course agree. In truth, it is Namishima himself who is selling secrets to the Chinese, adding double evil to the whole affair.

This being Imperial Japan, the denunciation of Tazawa leads to the torture and execution of Namishima’s rival. Namishima now starts on a campaign of making himself indispensable to Akiko, while at the same time subtly destroying her few remaining prospects. Eventually, he’s going to get her drunk, rape her, play house with her for a while and drop her like a hot potato.

There’s a number of other sins to be committed, of course, but while Namishima is still committing them, he begins to be haunted by the crucified ghost of Tazawa and his increasing number of other victims. This will be an important part of Namishima’s downfall, as will the more worldly fact that Tazawa’s brother never believed in his guilt and has become a military policeman to prove the dead man’s innocence.

Kaidan and horror maestro Nobuo Nakagawa’s Ghost in the Regiment is a sometimes uncomfortable watching experience. There’s nothing at all wrong with the film’s basic idea of putting the narrative of a classic kaidan into more contemporary surroundings, particularly since the kind of kaidan that’s all about a man committing terrible deeds for power and lust until he’s finally brought down either by guilt or ghosts always feels like a timeless mode of storytelling, fitting every society based on injustice.

There’s just as little wrong with Nakagawa’s treatment of the supernatural. Even this early in his career as a horror filmmaker, he is an absolute master at letting filmic reality drift into a weirder space, creating an eerie mood out of simple effects, deep shadows and camerawork that suggests wrongness without hitting an audience over the head with it. He’s so good at it, the possibility of the hauntings only taking place in Namishima’s mind seems to be neither here nor there when thinking about their reality as parts of the movie.

The film’s problem, and what makes it an at times difficult watch, at least in my eyes, is its treatment of its World War II setting. There seems to be at least a tacit approval of Imperial Japan and its culture of “honour” as a whole. It’s particularly unpleasant that the film treats Namishima’s position as a Chinese spy as the worst and most despicable thing ever, even suggesting he’s responsible for Japan losing the war – in a tone that suggests the fascists not winning World War II to be a bad thing.

On the other hand, the kaidan plot does implies that the structures and values which brought us the Axis powers are exactly what enables men like Namishima to come to the power and influence they crave and need to destroy lives (which is as much of an obvious truth as you’ll encounter in history) for their own amusement. There’s never much of an impression of the film seeing the giant gap between these two positions, and most certainly never an attempt to somehow play these positions against one another in any productive manner.

This doesn’t mean Ghost in the Regiment isn’t a highly effective, worthwhile kaidan, but it did leave me at least somewhat sceptical about what it actually tries to say about the setting is chose, and sometimes uncomfortable for reasons other than its tale of ghosts and very bad men.

Thursday, May 27, 2010

Ghost of the Well (1957)

aka Ghost Story of Broken Dishes at Bancho Mansion

Japan during the Shogunate. The samurai Aoyama Harima is running with a politically inopportune crowd. When the leader of the political group he belongs to is put under house arrest, and will probably soon be ordered to commit sepukku, it doesn't look too good for the young samurai's future either. The best that can happen is that he Harima will be stripped of his titles and lose his income, becoming another penniless ronin without a future. One of Harima's relatives is able to arrange a way out for him - he'll just have to marry the daughter of a very influential official and all will be forgiven. Harima agrees to the proposal, although his heart is not in it.

The samurai is very much in love with one of his servant girls, Kiku, and she is as much in love with him. Still, a man of Harima's standing can hardly be expected to throw away his honour and title for love, right? Kiku is as understanding as possible in a situation like this, which is to say she is terribly unhappy but knows no way out for herself.

Shortly before the marriage, catastrophe happens. In a moment between a Freudian slip and an accident, Kiku drops and breaks one of the immensely valuable family heirloom plates of the Aoyama, a crime so terrible it can only be paid for through her death. The emotionally very strained Harima and Kiku play a dramatic game of "kill me, beloved!", "I can't" etc, until Harima does in fact kill his beloved. The poor woman ends up falling into the house's well.

Harima doesn't gain much from his deed: the destruction of the plate alone shows him to be completely unfit for the husband role, and so he ends up as a poor ronin without anybody to love anyway.

Until one night, Kiku's ghost rises from the well to forgive him. Of course, a happy end for these two will only be possible when Harima dies, too.

Ghost in the Well is a typical kaidan movie of the late 50s. To the modern, Western eye, films like this play out more like jidai geki (= the proper and civilised type of samurai film) that just happen to have ghosts in them to demonstrate the characters' psychologies than what you'd expect from a "real" horror movie, but if one is able to adjust one's expectations appropriately there is much to love about these films.

With its 45 minutes running time, Ghost in the Well was probably the lesser part of a double- or triple-feature, made on a relatively tight budget but with the know-how and possibilities a studio like Toei could still provide even for its minor films. The movie's running time seems to be just right in any case. There's no filler, no slack, no mood-killing inappropriate comedic relief. Everything is very stark and concentrated, every frame, every gesture is important to the film's narrative.

The visuals are as assured and tight as the film's script. Again, director Toshizaku (or Juichi, depending on which source you want to believe) Kono is not a man for doing anything flashy, but everything we see on screen is at once meaningful and utterly controlled.

Strangely enough (yet again, very typical for a kaidan), this austerity in style is put into the service of a story that is quite melodramatic in tone, at least to modern and Western eyes and ears like mine that can't buy into the movie's concepts of honour and its idea of love as much as would be necessary to feel its full emotional impact. The film is putting a story before its viewers that can only work as it does under the specific moral and social circumstances of pre-modern Japan, it does however accept the temporal mores a bit too much for my tastes.

This is decidedly not a drama based on the idea of someone falsely forsaking love as my sensibilities would expect (or rather demand), but a drama of the destruction that arises from the divide between honour and love. Yet the film never directly criticises the concept of honour itself as responsible for the tragedy it shows, nor does it see Harami as the disgusting coward he is to my eyes. In a film made just five years later, when it became difficult to find films which weren't highly critical with the samurai ethos and all that comes with it, this would probably have gone quite a bit differently.